{"id":205214,"date":"2019-01-30T01:48:32","date_gmt":"2019-01-29T20:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ikaki.in\/bagh\/?p=205214"},"modified":"2019-01-29T07:49:24","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T02:19:24","slug":"sir-albert-howard-composting-at-ikaki-bagh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ikaki.in\/bagh\/sir-albert-howard-composting-at-ikaki-bagh\/","title":{"rendered":"Sir Albert Howard &#038; Composting at Ikaki Bagh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.48&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/ikaki.in\/bagh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Compost-Heap_512.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Organic farming makes use of compost&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Compost heap&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Compost heap Image&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/ikaki.in\/bagh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Crops_512.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Ikaki Bagh is part of a growing movement re-discovering traditional Indian composting practices&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Crops&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Crops Image&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.48&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Intro and Sir Albert Howard text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h1>This article discusses:<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sir Albert Howard is widely described as the \u2018father\u2019 of the modern organic movement, as understood in the West<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Howard promoted the \u2018Indore Composting Method\u2019, based on his time living in India studying local composting methods<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ikaki Bagh is part of a growing movement re-discovering traditional Indian composting practices<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe health of soil, plant and man is one and indivisible.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sir Albert Howard (1873 \u2013 1947)<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sir Albert Howard was born and educated in England, graduating in Natural Sciences at Cambridge in 1896. His early career was spent in Barbados, then in 1905 Howard was appointed as the Imperial Economic Botanist to the Government of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Howard was appointed to colonial India to teach Western agricultural techniques but found over time that the Indians could in fact teach him more. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1924<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Howard was appointed Director of the Institute of Plant Industry, Indore, and Agricultural Adviser to States in Central India and Rajputana.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Howard grew increasingly interested in the health of soils and its widespread influence on the health of rural populations, livestock and crops. He promoted what is known as the \u2018Indore Composting Method\u2019, with increasing advocacy and determination.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Howard eventually transformed the insights he gained from farmers in colonial India into the founding texts of the modern organic-agriculture movement: <\/span><b><a href=\"http:\/\/journeytoforever.org\/farm_library\/howardAT\/ATtoc.html\">An Agricultural Testament<\/a>, <\/b>Oxford University Press<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (1940) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>The Soil and Health (<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1945)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inspired by his readings of Howard, a young American named J.I. Rodale launched his seminal <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organic Farming and Gardening<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> magazine in the early 1940s. This publication popularised Howard\u2019s ideas first in the United States then further afield inspiring generations of organic farmers in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Western Europe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recognition and acceptance of organic farming in Western agriculture has been a battle of persistence, science, social values, politics, economics and an interplay with entrenched non-organic farming entrenched interests.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Indore Composting Method text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indore Composting Method<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The principles of composting used by local Indore was taken and refined by Howard, incorporating his own scientific training and research of soil biology. Returning nutrients to the soil and the role of humus in soil fertility to enhance soil quality were central.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>The process utilises all the by-products of agriculture, including mixed animal and vegetable wastes and would ash to produces an essential manure.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Howard\u2019s The Soil and Health (published 1945) became a deeply influential text in the Western organic movement. He argued that industrial agriculture, with its reliance on non-organic inputs, especially chemical fertilisers, disrupts the balance of nature and inevitably degrades soil of its fertility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His argument that we must all respect and restore the health of the soil for future generations. This still resonates strongly for people concerned by the impacts of chemically enhanced agriculture. It also foresaw the issues of ecological restoration and the interface between agriculture and the environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/ikaki.in\/bagh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Indore-Composting-Method.png&#8221; alt=&#8221;Ikaki Bagh uses organic farming techniques&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Indore Composting Method&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Indore Composting Method pic&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Indore Composting Method caption text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Figure 1.\u00a0Indore Composting Method<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Composting at Ikaki Bagh text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.19.9&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Composting at Ikaki Bagh<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At Ikaki Bagh, we have been steadily building our experience and expertise in composting. We\u2019re focused on an essential mix of brown and green waste, with regular aeration to help the breakdown of material and encourage growth in earthworms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Activities include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Building our first composting facilities in 2017<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utilising all green waste from Ikaki Niwas, our boutique hotel in Jaipur<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supplementing our soil inputs with externally sourced organic manure only<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Registering as an \u2018Individual Producer\u2019 by the Rajasthan Organic Certification Organisation (ROCA), State Government of Rajasthan, in April, 2018. \u00a0ROCA\u2019s certification standards are endorsed by the United States Administration (USDA)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We are also fortunate to have the advice and support of Dr Rouhangiz Hayati Dahiya, PhD (India), Horticulturalist &amp; Vice-Chancellor, Jyoti Vidhyapeeth Women University.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Composting is a critical priority for Ikaki Bagh. We would especially like to welcome people with practical experience of composting and soil health and fertility in organic farming to visit Ikaki Bagh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.76&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Contact Title&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.106&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#1a1a1a&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Oswald|on||on|&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;60px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; max_width=&#8221;450px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;top&#8221; animation_intensity_slide=&#8221;10%&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Get in touch<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider show_divider=&#8221;off&#8221; height=&#8221;false&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off%22&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.2&#8243; max_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;30px|||&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;100ms&#8221; animation_intensity_slide=&#8221;10%&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;]&nbsp;<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Contact Subtitle&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.106&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Roboto||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#1a1a1a&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; max_width=&#8221;450px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;30px|||&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;200ms&#8221; animation_intensity_slide=&#8221;10%&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;]Send us a message<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Contact Text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.106&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Roboto||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.9em&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; max_width=&#8221;450px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;60|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||60px|&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;slide&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;400ms&#8221; animation_intensity_slide=&#8221;4%&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221;]If you&#8217;d like to know more about Ikaki Bagh, please send us a message 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